(Answers must be written in Tamil)
Paper I - Section A
Part 1: History of Tamil Language
Major Indian Language Families - The place of Tamil among Indian languages in general and Dravidian in particular-Enumeration and Distributionof Dravidian languages.
The language of Sangam literature - The language of medieval Tamil: Pallava period only-Historical study of Nouns, Vebs, adjectives, adverbs Tense markers and case markers in Tamil.
Borrowing of words from other languages into Tamil - Regional and social dialects, difference between literary and spoken Tamil.
Part 2: History of Tamil Literature
Tolkappiyam - Sangam Literatue, The division of Akam and puram, The secular characteristics of Sangam Literature, The development of Ethical literature, Silappadikaram and Manimekalai.
Part 3: Devotional literature (Alwars and Nayanmars)
The bridal mysticism in Alwar hymns-Minor literary forms (Tutu, Ula, Parani, Kuravanji).
Social factors for the development of Modern Tamil literature: Novel, Short story and New Poetry-The impact of various political ideologies on modern writings.
Section B
Part 1: Recent trends in Tamil Studies
Approaches to criticism - Social , psychologiocal, hostorical and moralistic-the use of criticism-the various techniques in literature: Ullurai, Iraicchi, Thonmam (Myth) Otturuvagam (allegory), Angadam (Satire), Meyppadu, Padimam(image), Kuriyeedu (Symbol), Irunmai (ambiguity)-The concep[t of comparative literature-the principle of comparative literature.
Part 2: Folk literature in Tamil
Ballads, Songs, proverbs and riddles-Sociological study of Tamil folklore.
Uses of translation-Translation of Tamil works into other languages-Development of journalism in Tamil.
Part 3: Cultural Heritage of the Tamils
Concept of Love and War-Concept of Aram-the ethical codes adopted by the ancient Tamils in their warfare-customs, beliefs, rituals, modes of worship in the five Thinais.
The cultural changes as revealed in post sangam literature-cultural fusion in the medieval period (Jainism & Buddhism).
The development of arts and architecture through the ages (Pallavas, later the Cholas, and the Nayaks).
The impact of various political, social, religious and cultural movements on Tamil Society. The role of mass media in the cultural change of contemporary Tamil society.
Paper II
The paper will require first hand reading of the Text prescribed and will be designed to test the critical ability of the candidate.
Section A
Part 1: Ancient Literature
Kuruntokai (1-25 poems)
Purananurui (182-200 poems)
Tirukkural Porutpal: Arasiyalum Amaichiyalum (from Iraimatchi to Avaianjamai)
Part 2: Epic Literature
Silappadikaram: Madhurai Kandam only.
Kambaramayanam: Kumbakarunan Vadhai Padalam
Part 3: Devotional Literature
Tiruvasagam: Neetthal Vinnappam
Tiruppavai: (Full Text)
Section B
Modern Literature
Part 1: Poetry
Bharathiar: Kannan Pattu
Bharathidasan: Kudumba VilakkuNaa. Kamarasan: Karuppu Malarkal
Prose
Mu. Varadharajanar. Aramum Arasiyalum
C N Annadurai: Ye! Thazhntha Tamilagame.
Part 2: Novel, Short story and Drama
Akilon: Chittirappavai
Jayakanthan: Gurupeedam
Cho: Yarukkum Vetkamillai
Part 3: Folk Literature
Muthuppattan Kathai Edited by Na. Vanamamalai, (Publication: Madurai Kamaraj University)
Malaiyaruvi, Edited by Ki. Va Jagannathan (Publication: Saraswathi, Mahal, Thanjavur)
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