Numerous historical markers indicate Hinduism as an ancient tradition, with the construction of temples forming a cornerstone of its heritage. Kings, whether followers of Lord Shiva or Lord Vishnu, erected temples, and conducted rituals, sacrifices, and observances for the well-being of their kingdoms.
Mallesham Hill, situated around the base of the Vijayanagara Empire, bears witness to the historical significance of structures during the rule of emperors. Temples constructed by these emperors in the vicinity of Tirupati and Chandragiri abound, though many now lie in ruins.
Among them, the unique structure on Mallesham Hill, built precisely 12,000 years ago by the Vijayanagara kings, stands as a testament to its rich history. Historical records reveal that it was a revered place of worship for a deity who ruled over Kashi Kshetra, surrounded by dense forests. Situated on a high hill, the temple features a sizable stone structure and a picturesque Koneru with abundant water, even during the summer months.
Mallesham Hill housed the shrine of Kalabhairava, a deity enshrined by the kings of Vijayanagara as part of the Hindavam tradition, which included both Vaishnava and Saiva temples. In ancient times, a pilgrimage to Kashi was necessary to visit Kalabhairava, but the construction of the Kalabhairava temple in Tirupati by the Vijayanagara kings allowed devotees to access this divine presence without the need to travel to Kashi.
The temple, complemented by an Annadan satra for pilgrims, stands today as a magnificent but relatively overlooked page in history. The Puranas suggest that Kalabhairava Puja and Homam could transform unfavourable times into favourable ones, ensuring victory regardless of planetary positions.
The construction of temples weighing several hundred kilograms on high hills in ancient times remains a mysterious feat. Many of these temples, adorned with numerous stone pillars and intricate stone roofs, have faced challenges over the centuries. Some were dismantled by Muhammadan kings in search of hidden treasures, while others are currently targeted by treasure hunters claiming to seek wealth.
The temple in question, like many, has fallen into ruins due to such activities. However, the intact walls stand as a testament to the artistic skill and divine devotion of that era. Locals advocate for the takeover of ancient temples by the Central Archaeology Department or urge the Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanams (TTD) to play a pivotal role in preserving these Hindu heritage sites.
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